The axioms of Euclidean geometry are fundamental statements that serve as the foundation for this branch of mathematics. They are accepted as true without proof and help define the relationships between points, lines, and planes. The most famous of these axioms include the idea that through any two points, there is exactly one straight line, and that a straight line can be extended indefinitely. These axioms were first formalized by the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid in his work, the Elements. They provide a logical framework for proving various geometric theorems and concepts, making them essential for understanding the properties of shapes and spaces in a two-dimensional plane.