Autosomes are the chromosomes that are not involved in determining the sex of an individual. In humans, there are 22 pairs of autosomes, making a total of 44 autosomal chromosomes. These chromosomes carry the majority of an individual's genetic information, influencing traits such as eye color, height, and various health conditions. Each person inherits one set of autosomes from their mother and one set from their father. This means that autosomes play a crucial role in genetic diversity and inheritance. Unlike sex chromosomes, which are labeled as X and Y, autosomes are numbered from 1 to 22 based on their size and shape.