An autologous transplant is a medical procedure where a patient's own cells, usually stem cells, are collected and then reintroduced into their body after treatment. This type of transplant is commonly used in patients undergoing therapy for certain cancers, such as multiple myeloma or lymphoma, where high doses of chemotherapy can damage bone marrow. The process begins with harvesting the patient's stem cells, often from their blood or bone marrow. After the patient receives treatment to eliminate cancer cells, the collected stem cells are infused back into their body to help restore healthy blood cell production and support recovery.