Ascomycetes reproduce both sexually and asexually. In sexual reproduction, they form specialized structures called asci, which contain spores known as ascospores. These spores are produced after the fusion of compatible mating types, leading to genetic diversity. Asexual reproduction occurs through the production of conidia, which are spores that can disperse and germinate into new individuals. This method allows for rapid population growth and colonization of new environments. Both reproduction methods are essential for the survival and adaptability of ascomycetes in various ecosystems.