The arytenoid cartilages are a pair of small, pyramid-shaped structures located in the larynx, or voice box. They play a crucial role in the production of sound by supporting the vocal cords, allowing them to open and close during speech and breathing. These cartilages are connected to the vocal folds and can rotate and tilt, which helps adjust tension and position. This movement is essential for modulating pitch and volume in the voice, making the arytenoid cartilages vital for effective communication.