Archival research involves the systematic examination of historical documents and records to gather information about a specific topic. Researchers often access collections housed in institutions like libraries, museums, or government archives. These materials can include letters, photographs, official documents, and other primary sources that provide insights into past events or cultures. This method is essential for historians, sociologists, and other scholars who seek to understand the context and significance of historical events or cultural practices. By analyzing these original materials, researchers can construct narratives, validate facts, and contribute to the broader understanding of history and society.