Antitrust disputes arise when companies engage in practices that limit competition in the marketplace. These practices can include monopolies, price-fixing, or collusion, which can harm consumers by leading to higher prices and fewer choices. Governments often intervene to ensure fair competition and protect consumer interests. Regulatory bodies, such as the Federal Trade Commission in the United States, investigate and resolve these disputes. They may impose fines, require companies to change their business practices, or even block mergers that could reduce competition. The goal is to maintain a healthy market environment where businesses can compete fairly.