Anti-aircraft artillery refers to large-caliber guns designed to target and destroy enemy aircraft. These weapons are typically mounted on vehicles or fixed installations and can fire explosive shells at high altitudes. Their primary purpose is to protect ground forces and critical infrastructure from aerial attacks. The effectiveness of anti-aircraft artillery relies on radar systems and skilled operators who can track and engage fast-moving targets. Over the years, advancements in technology have led to the development of more sophisticated systems, including missile systems and automated gun systems, enhancing their ability to defend against modern threats.