The anterior scalene is a muscle located in the neck, part of the scalene group of muscles. It originates from the cervical vertebrae and attaches to the first rib. This muscle plays a role in elevating the first rib during breathing and assists in neck movement. In addition to its respiratory function, the anterior scalene is important for the brachial plexus and subclavian artery as they pass between the anterior and middle scalene muscles. Tightness or dysfunction in the anterior scalene can lead to conditions such as thoracic outlet syndrome, affecting arm and hand function.