An anesthetic is a medication used to prevent pain during medical procedures. It works by blocking nerve signals in the body, allowing patients to undergo surgeries or other treatments without feeling discomfort. There are two main types: local anesthetics, which numb a specific area, and general anesthetics, which induce a state of unconsciousness. Anesthetics are administered by trained professionals, such as anesthesiologists or nurse anesthetists. They carefully monitor patients' vital signs to ensure safety throughout the procedure. The use of anesthetics has greatly improved the comfort and effectiveness of medical care, making it possible to perform complex surgeries with minimal pain.