Local anesthetics are medications used to temporarily block sensation in a specific area of the body. They work by inhibiting nerve signals, preventing pain from being felt during medical procedures. Commonly used in dentistry and minor surgeries, local anesthetics allow patients to remain awake while ensuring they do not experience discomfort. These medications can be administered through injections, topical creams, or gels. Examples of local anesthetics include lidocaine, bupivacaine, and procaine. They are generally safe, but potential side effects may include allergic reactions or temporary numbness in the treated area.