The androgen receptor is a type of protein found in various tissues throughout the body. It plays a crucial role in mediating the effects of androgens, which are male hormones like testosterone. When androgens bind to the receptor, it activates specific genes that influence growth, development, and maintenance of male characteristics. This receptor is important not only in males but also in females, as it helps regulate functions such as hair growth and muscle mass. Abnormalities in the androgen receptor can lead to conditions like androgen insensitivity syndrome or contribute to diseases such as prostate cancer.