Amyloid refers to a type of protein that can misfold and accumulate in various tissues and organs in the body. This abnormal buildup can disrupt normal function and is associated with several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and amyloidosis. In these conditions, amyloid deposits can lead to inflammation and damage to affected areas. The formation of amyloid occurs when proteins misfold and aggregate into fibrils, which can then form plaques. These plaques can interfere with cellular processes and contribute to the progression of diseases. Research continues to explore the mechanisms behind amyloid formation and potential treatments to prevent or reduce its harmful effects.