Alkaline phosphatases are enzymes that help break down proteins and other molecules in the body by removing phosphate groups. They are found in various tissues, including the liver, bones, kidneys, and bile ducts. These enzymes play a crucial role in processes like digestion and bone mineralization. The activity of alkaline phosphatases can be measured through blood tests, which can help diagnose conditions such as liver disease or bone disorders. Elevated levels may indicate issues like biliary obstruction or Paget's disease, while low levels can be associated with conditions like hypophosphatasia.