Bone metabolism refers to the ongoing process of bone formation and resorption, which is essential for maintaining healthy bones. This process involves two main types of cells: osteoblasts, which build new bone, and osteoclasts, which break down old bone. The balance between these activities ensures that bones remain strong and can adapt to stress. Several factors influence bone metabolism, including hormones like parathyroid hormone and calcitonin, as well as nutrients such as calcium and vitamin D. Proper bone metabolism is crucial for overall skeletal health and helps prevent conditions like osteoporosis, where bones become weak and brittle.