Algorithmic analysis is the study of algorithms to determine their efficiency and performance. It involves evaluating how an algorithm behaves in terms of time and space as the size of the input data increases. This helps in understanding which algorithms are more suitable for specific problems, especially when dealing with large datasets. Key concepts in algorithmic analysis include time complexity and space complexity. Time complexity measures the amount of time an algorithm takes to complete, while space complexity assesses the amount of memory it requires. By analyzing these factors, developers can make informed decisions about which algorithms to use in their applications.