Alan çalışmaları (field studies) refer to research conducted in natural settings rather than in laboratories. This approach allows researchers to gather data in real-world environments, providing insights that are often more applicable to everyday situations. Field studies can involve various methods, including observations, interviews, and surveys, depending on the research objectives. These studies are commonly used in disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, and environmental science. By engaging directly with subjects in their natural context, researchers can better understand behaviors, interactions, and phenomena, leading to more comprehensive findings that contribute to the respective fields of study.