Advanced mathematics refers to higher-level mathematical concepts and techniques that go beyond basic arithmetic and algebra. It includes areas such as calculus, linear algebra, and abstract algebra, which are essential for understanding complex systems and solving intricate problems in various fields like science, engineering, and economics. These advanced topics often involve the study of functions, limits, and structures that require a strong foundation in earlier mathematical principles. Students typically encounter advanced mathematics in higher education, where it is crucial for pursuing careers in mathematics, physics, and computer science.