Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) is a security technique used in computer systems to protect against certain types of attacks, such as buffer overflows. It works by randomly arranging the memory addresses used by a program each time it runs. This makes it difficult for attackers to predict where their malicious code will be executed. By changing the memory layout, ASLR helps to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerabilities in software. Even if they find a weakness, the randomization complicates their ability to execute harmful code, thereby enhancing the overall security of the system.