Active learning techniques are instructional methods that engage students in the learning process, encouraging them to participate actively rather than passively receiving information. These techniques can include group discussions, problem-solving activities, and hands-on projects, allowing students to apply what they have learned in real-world contexts. By incorporating collaborative learning and peer teaching, active learning fosters critical thinking and enhances retention of knowledge. Techniques such as think-pair-share and case studies promote interaction among students, making the learning experience more dynamic and effective. Overall, active learning techniques aim to create a more engaging and participatory educational environment.