"Above-ground" refers to anything that exists or occurs on the surface of the Earth, rather than below it. This term is often used in various contexts, such as construction, gardening, and environmental studies. For example, above-ground pools are popular recreational structures that are built on the surface rather than being dug into the ground. In ecology, "above-ground" can describe parts of plants, such as stems and leaves, which are essential for photosynthesis. These above-ground structures play a crucial role in the life cycle of plants, helping them capture sunlight and exchange gases with the atmosphere.