Zanthoxylum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, commonly known as the prickly ash or toothache tree. These plants are characterized by their aromatic leaves and spiny stems. They are found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with many species used in traditional medicine. The fruits of Zanthoxylum plants are often small and contain seeds, and they are known for their pungent flavor. Some species, like Zanthoxylum piperitum, are used as a spice in various cuisines, particularly in Asian dishes. Additionally, the bark and leaves have been utilized for their medicinal properties.