ZPU stands for "ZPU Anti-Aircraft Gun," a type of artillery designed to target and destroy aircraft. Originally developed in the Soviet Union, it became widely used during the mid-20th century. The ZPU typically features a dual or quadruple barrel configuration, allowing for rapid firing and increased accuracy against fast-moving aerial threats. The ZPU is often mounted on vehicles or used in fixed positions, making it versatile for various military applications. Its effectiveness in combat has led to its adoption by numerous countries, and it remains a notable example of anti-aircraft technology from the Cold War era.