Yazid I was the second Umayyad caliph, ruling from 680 to 683 CE. He was the son of Muawiya I, the founder of the Umayyad dynasty. Yazid's reign is often marked by controversy, particularly due to his role in the Battle of Karbala, where the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, Husayn ibn Ali, was killed. This event significantly impacted Islamic history and sectarian divisions. Yazid's leadership faced challenges, including revolts and opposition from various factions within the Muslim community. His rule is often viewed as a turning point that led to the decline of the Umayyad dynasty and the rise of the Abbasid movement, which sought to establish a different leadership model in the Islamic world.