X-ray science involves the study and application of X-rays, a form of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays have shorter wavelengths than visible light, allowing them to penetrate various materials, including human tissue. This property makes them invaluable in medical imaging, where they help diagnose conditions by creating images of bones and internal organs. In addition to medicine, X-ray science is used in fields like materials science and security. Researchers utilize X-ray techniques to analyze the structure of materials at the atomic level, while security personnel use X-ray machines to inspect luggage and cargo for prohibited items.