The X-chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans, the other being the Y-chromosome. Females typically have two X-chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y (XY). The X-chromosome carries a significant number of genes that are crucial for various bodily functions, including those related to growth, development, and reproduction. X-chromosomes are also important in understanding genetic disorders. Some conditions, like hemophilia and color blindness, are linked to mutations on the X-chromosome. Because males have only one X-chromosome, they are more likely to express these disorders if they inherit a mutated version, while females may be carriers without showing symptoms.