The X-chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans, the other being the Y-chromosome. It is significantly larger than the Y-chromosome and carries a variety of genes that are important for many bodily functions. Both males and females have X-chromosomes, but females have two (XX) while males have one (XY). The X-chromosome is crucial for determining certain traits and can be linked to various genetic disorders. For example, conditions like hemophilia and color blindness are often associated with mutations on the X-chromosome. This chromosome plays a vital role in genetics and inheritance.