A written constitution is a formal document that outlines the fundamental principles and laws of a nation or organization. It serves as the supreme legal authority, establishing the structure of government, the rights of citizens, and the responsibilities of public officials. This document is typically codified, meaning it is organized and accessible, allowing citizens to understand their rights and the rules governing them. Countries like the United States and India have written constitutions that guide their legal systems. A written constitution can provide clarity and stability, as it sets clear guidelines for governance and helps prevent arbitrary rule. It also allows for amendments, enabling the document to evolve with society's changing needs.