Woad is a plant known scientifically as Isatis tinctoria, primarily used for its blue dye. Historically, it has been cultivated in Europe and Asia for centuries, especially during the Middle Ages. The leaves of the woad plant are processed to extract a pigment that produces a vibrant blue color, which was highly valued before the introduction of synthetic dyes. In addition to its dyeing properties, woad has also been used in traditional medicine. It contains compounds that have been studied for their potential anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. However, its use has declined with the advent of modern dyeing techniques and synthetic alternatives.