Wine preparation involves several key steps to transform grapes into wine. First, the grapes are harvested and sorted to remove any damaged or unripe fruit. After sorting, the grapes are crushed to release their juice, which is then transferred to fermentation vessels. During fermentation, yeast is added to the grape juice, converting sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide. This process can take several days to weeks, depending on the desired wine style. Once fermentation is complete, the wine is clarified and aged in barrels or tanks before being bottled for consumption.