A wine label is a piece of paper or material attached to a wine bottle that provides essential information about the wine inside. It typically includes the name of the wine, the producer or winery, the region where the grapes were grown, and the vintage year, which indicates when the grapes were harvested. Some labels also mention the grape variety used, such as Chardonnay or Cabernet Sauvignon. In addition to basic details, wine labels may feature information about the alcohol content, tasting notes, and food pairings. They can also include certifications, such as organic or biodynamic, which indicate specific farming practices. The design and artwork on a wine label can also reflect the brand's identity and appeal to consumers.