Wilder Penfield was a Canadian neurosurgeon and neuroscientist, born on January 26, 1891. He is best known for his pioneering work in brain surgery and for developing the Montreal Neurological Institute. Penfield's research focused on mapping the brain's functions, particularly through his innovative use of electrical stimulation during surgery. One of his significant contributions was the creation of the homunculus, a visual representation of the brain's sensory and motor areas. This helped to illustrate how different parts of the brain correspond to specific body functions. Penfield's work has had a lasting impact on both neurosurgery and our understanding of the human brain.