"What Is to Be Done?" is a political pamphlet written by Vladimir Lenin in 1902. It addresses the need for a revolutionary party to lead the working class in the struggle against capitalism. Lenin argues that a disciplined and centralized organization is essential for effective political action and to guide the proletariat towards revolution. The pamphlet critiques the existing socialist movements of the time, emphasizing the importance of theory and practice in revolutionary work. Lenin advocates for a clear program and strategy to mobilize workers, ultimately aiming to establish a socialist society through the overthrow of the ruling class.