Western Music Theory is a framework that explains how music is structured and composed in the Western tradition. It includes concepts such as scales, chords, harmony, rhythm, and melody. These elements help musicians understand how to create and interpret music, allowing for effective communication and collaboration. One of the foundational aspects of Western Music Theory is the use of the staff, a set of five lines and four spaces that represent different musical pitches. Additionally, the circle of fifths is a useful tool for understanding key signatures and relationships between different keys, aiding in composition and improvisation.