Counterpoint is a musical technique that involves the interplay of two or more independent melodies. This method creates a rich tapestry of sound, where each melody retains its individuality while contributing to a harmonious whole. It is a fundamental aspect of Western classical music, particularly prominent in the works of composers like Johann Sebastian Bach and Palestrina. In counterpoint, the relationship between the melodies is carefully structured, often following specific rules to ensure consonance and dissonance are effectively balanced. This technique not only enhances the complexity of music but also allows for greater emotional expression, making it a vital element in the art of composition.