The Wen of Han refers to the second emperor of the Han Dynasty in ancient China, who reigned from 180 to 157 BCE. His personal name was Liu Heng, and he is known for his efforts to consolidate power and promote Confucianism as the state philosophy. His reign is often marked by a focus on reducing harsh laws and improving the welfare of the people. Emperor Wen implemented policies that encouraged agricultural development and reduced taxes, which helped stabilize the economy. He is also credited with fostering a more centralized government and promoting education, laying the groundwork for the later prosperity of the Han Dynasty.