Well construction is the process of creating a well to access groundwater. This involves drilling a hole into the ground, often using specialized equipment, to reach aquifers, which are underground layers of water-bearing rock or sediment. The well is then lined with a casing to prevent contamination and collapse, ensuring safe and efficient water extraction. After drilling, a pump is typically installed to bring water to the surface. Proper well construction is essential for maintaining water quality and ensuring a reliable supply. Regular maintenance and monitoring are also important to prevent issues such as contamination or over-extraction.