Waterborne pathogens are microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, that can contaminate water sources and cause diseases in humans. These pathogens often enter water supplies through sewage, agricultural runoff, or industrial waste, making it unsafe for drinking, swimming, or other uses. Common waterborne diseases include cholera, giardiasis, and typhoid fever. Preventing waterborne illnesses involves ensuring clean water access and proper sanitation practices. Treatment methods like filtration, chlorination, and boiling can help eliminate these harmful organisms from drinking water. Public health measures and education are also essential in reducing the spread of waterborne diseases and protecting communities.