Water wells are structures created to access groundwater, which is water located beneath the Earth's surface. They are typically drilled or dug into the ground until they reach an aquifer, a layer of water-bearing rock or sediment. Wells can vary in depth and diameter, depending on the local geology and the amount of water needed. Once a well is established, a pump is often used to bring the water to the surface for use in homes, farms, or industries. Proper maintenance is essential to ensure the water remains clean and safe for consumption, as contamination can occur from various sources, including nearby septic systems or agricultural runoff.