Water softening is a process that removes minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium, from hard water. These minerals can cause scale buildup in pipes and appliances, reducing their efficiency and lifespan. Softened water is gentler on skin and hair and improves the effectiveness of soaps and detergents. The most common method of water softening involves using a water softener system that exchanges calcium and magnesium ions for sodium or potassium ions. This ion exchange process helps to prevent the negative effects of hard water, making it more suitable for household use and improving overall water quality.