Water quality sensors are devices used to measure various parameters of water, such as pH, turbidity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. These sensors help monitor the health of water bodies, ensuring they meet safety standards for drinking, recreational use, and aquatic life. They can be deployed in rivers, lakes, and oceans, providing real-time data for environmental protection. These sensors often use advanced technology, including electrochemical, optical, and infrared methods, to detect contaminants and changes in water quality. By collecting and analyzing this data, researchers and policymakers can make informed decisions to protect water resources and public health.