Washington State, located in the Pacific Northwest, became the 42nd state of the United States on November 11, 1889. Before statehood, the area was inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Puget Sound Salish and Nez Perce. European exploration began in the late 18th century, with notable figures like Captain James Cook and George Vancouver mapping the region. The state's economy grew rapidly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, driven by industries such as timber, fishing, and agriculture. The construction of the Northern Pacific Railway in the 1880s facilitated trade and settlement, leading to the establishment of major cities like Seattle and Spokane.