Wang Mang was a Chinese politician and usurper who lived from 45 BCE to 23 CE. He is best known for founding the short-lived Xin Dynasty, which interrupted the Han Dynasty. Wang Mang initially served as a regent and later declared himself emperor, implementing various reforms aimed at land redistribution and economic changes. His reign faced significant challenges, including natural disasters and widespread discontent among the populace. Ultimately, his rule ended in chaos, leading to his death during a rebellion. The fall of Wang Mang marked the restoration of the Han Dynasty, which continued to influence Chinese history for centuries.