John von Neumann was a Hungarian-American mathematician and physicist, known for his foundational contributions to various fields, including game theory, quantum mechanics, and computer science. He played a crucial role in developing the Von Neumann architecture, which is the design model for most modern computers, outlining how a computer's memory, processing unit, and input/output systems interact. In addition to his work in computing, von Neumann was involved in the Manhattan Project, contributing to the development of the atomic bomb during World War II. His interdisciplinary approach and innovative ideas have had a lasting impact on mathematics, engineering, and economics.