The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) is a medical laboratory test used to screen for certain sexually transmitted infections, particularly syphilis. It detects antibodies produced in response to the infection, helping identify individuals who may need further testing or treatment. The VDRL test is a non-treponemal test, meaning it does not specifically target the Treponema pallidum bacteria that causes syphilis. Instead, it measures the presence of antibodies that can indicate an active infection. Positive results often require confirmation with more specific tests to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate care.