Vector data is a type of digital data used in geographic information systems (GIS) to represent real-world features. It uses points, lines, and polygons to depict objects like roads, rivers, and boundaries. Each of these shapes is defined by coordinates, allowing for precise mapping and analysis. Unlike raster data, which uses a grid of pixels, vector data maintains high quality at any scale. This makes it ideal for applications such as urban planning, environmental studies, and navigation. Vector data can also store additional information, such as names and attributes, enhancing its usefulness in various fields.