Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was a French politician who served as the President of France from 1974 to 1981. He was known for his modernizing reforms and efforts to promote economic growth. During his presidency, he focused on issues such as education, social welfare, and European integration, working to strengthen the European Union. After leaving office, Giscard d'Estaing remained active in politics and international affairs. He was a member of the French Constitutional Council and contributed to various European initiatives. He also wrote several books, sharing his insights on politics and history, and continued to influence French and European politics until his later years.