Underbaking refers to the process of removing baked goods from the oven before they are fully cooked. This can result in a product that is doughy or raw in the center, which may affect its texture and flavor. Common items that can be underbaked include cookies, cakes, and bread. The main causes of underbaking include incorrect oven temperatures, insufficient baking time, or not following the recipe accurately. To avoid underbaking, it is essential to use an oven thermometer to ensure proper temperature and to perform tests, such as the toothpick test, to check for doneness before removing items from the oven.