Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is a statistical method used to determine the effect of two independent variables on a dependent variable. It helps researchers understand how different factors interact and influence outcomes. For example, it can analyze how both treatment type and age group affect patient recovery time. This technique allows for the examination of main effects, which are the individual impacts of each independent variable, as well as interaction effects, which show how the variables work together. By using Two-Way ANOVA, researchers can gain insights into complex data sets and make informed decisions based on their findings.