The Treaty of Sèvres was signed on August 10, 1920, after World War I, primarily between the Allied Powers and the Ottoman Empire. It aimed to dismantle the Ottoman Empire, redistributing its territories among the Allies and establishing new nations, including parts of modern-day Turkey, Greece, and Armenia. However, the treaty faced significant opposition, particularly from Turkish nationalists led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. This resistance ultimately led to the Turkish War of Independence, resulting in the treaty's annulment and the signing of the more favorable Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, which recognized the sovereignty of the new Republic of Turkey.